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As World War II came to a close the British government realised that it was going to have to drastically change its air manufacture industry to avoid becoming dependent on American aircraft companies. To address this issue the Brabazon Committee was formed in 1943 to investigate the future needs of the British Empire's civilian airliner market. As a direct result of the specifications spelled out by the Brabazon Committee the Vickers Viscount was created. A medium-range turboprop airliner first flown in 1948 by Vickers-Armstrongs, making it the first such aircraft to enter service in the world. It would go on to be one of the most successful of the first-generation post-war transports, with 445 being built. Of that relatively large number of 445 aircraft there have been over 150 accidents and incidents, including 144 hull losses. An accident or incident can involve anything from slight damage to total write-off and crash with all people on board killed. The first incident was on 27 August 1952 when G-AHRF, operated by the UK Ministry of Supply crashed at the Khartoum International Airport.〔 Eventually, with many newer aircraft designs available, the Viscount was phased out of operations by industrial nations but one remains airworthy (as of April 2010) in the undeveloped world, and another remains flyable in the United States. In April 2003, 9Q-CGL of Trans Intair was damaged on landing at a gravel strip in the Congo. The pilots attempted to take off with damaged engines but as the aircraft was gaining altitude a second engine failed and the aircraft crashed into some trees becoming a total write-off.〔 ==1950s== * On 27 August 1952, G-AHRF, operated by the Ministry of Supply was damaged beyond economic repair at Khartoum International Airport when the starboard undercarriage collapsed on landing.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Accident description )〕 * On 31 October 1954, VH-TVA of Trans Australia Airlines was written off at Mangalore Airport, Victoria when it crashed shortly after take-off when simulating an engine failure on take-off, killing three of the eight crew.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Accident description )〕 * On 20 January 1956, G-AMOM of British European Airways crashed on take-off from Blackbushe Airport when the training pilot mishandled the controls for the starboard engines when simulating an engine failure on take-off.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Accident description )〕 * On 20 February 1956, N7404 (c/n 90) of Capital Airlines was damaged beyond economic repair at Chicago Midway International Airport when it landed short of the runway due to a malfunction of the propeller control switches. Despite this, the aircraft was remanufactured as c/n 301 and entered service with Trans-Canada Air Lines in May 1957.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Accident description )〕 * On 9 July 1956, CF-TGR (c/n 55), of Trans-Canada Airlines lost a propeller in flight on a flight from Chicago to Toronto and Montreal. The propeller entered the passenger cabin, killing a passenger. The aircraft made a successful emergency landing at Windsor, Ontario. * On 1 October 1956, SU-AIC of Misrair was written of at Almaza Airport, Cairo,〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Accident description )〕 during an air raid by Royal Air Force Canberras of 12(B) Squadron as part of Operation ''Musketeer''.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=The "Suez Crisis", 1956 )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=12(B) Sqn History )〕 * On 12 December 1956, F-BGNK of Air France crashed at Dannemois, Île de France while on a training flight, killing all five crew on board.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Accident description )〕 * On 14 March 1957, G-ALWE of British European Airways crashed at Wythenshawe, Lancashire on approach to Ringway Airport, Manchester when a bolt holding a part of the flap mechanism on the starboard wing failed. All 20 people on board were killed, as were two more on the ground.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Accident description )〕 * On 20 October 1957, G-AOYF, being operated by Vickers was damaged beyond economic repair at Johannesburg International Airport when the starboard undercarriage collapsed following a heavy landing.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Accident description )〕 * On 23 October 1957, G-AOJA of British European Airways was damaged beyond economic repair when it crashed on approach to Nutts Corner Airport, Belfast, killing all seven on board.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Accident description )〕 * On 17 November 1957, G-AOHP of British European Airways crashed at Ballerup after the failure of three engines on approach to Copenhagen Airport. The cause was a malfunction of the anti-icing system on the aircraft.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Accident description )〕 * On 6 April 1958, N7437, operating Capital Airlines Flight 67, stalled and crashed on approach to Tri-City Airport, Michigan. All 47 on board were killed. The cause was attributed to ice accretion on the horizontal stabiliser.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Accident description )〕 * On 9 April 1958, a Viscount of Cubana de Aviación was hijacked en route from José Martí International Airport, Havana to Santa Clara Airport. The aircraft landed at Mérida-Rejón Airport, Mexico where the hijack ended.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Accident description )〕 * On 28 April 1958, G-AORC of British European Airways crashed at Craigie, Ayrshire on approach to Prestwick Airport when the pilot misread the altimeter by 10,000 feet.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Accident description )〕 * On 20 May 1958, N7410 of Capital Airlines was involved in a mid-air collision with a Lockheed T-33 of the Air National Guard. All eleven on board were killed when it crashed at Brunswick, Maryland, as was one of the two crew members of the T-33.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Accident description )〕 * On 9 August 1958, VP-YNE of Central African Airways crashed south east of Benina International Airport, Libya, killing 36 of the 54 people on board.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Accident description )〕 * On 22 October 1958, G-ANHC, operating British European Airways Flight 142 was involved in a mid-air collision with a North American F-86E Sabre of the Italian Air Force. The F-86E pilot ejected but all 31 on board the Viscount were killed when it crashed at Nettuno.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Accident description )〕 * On 1 November 1958, CU-T603 of Cubana de Aviación crashed into Nipe Bay on a flight from Miami International Airport to Varadero Airport. Seventeen of the 20 people on board were killed.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Accident description )〕 The aircraft had been hijacked and the crash was due to fuel exhaustion.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=AirDisaster.Com " Accident Database " Accident Synopsis " 11011958 )〕 * On 10 November 1958, CF-TGL of Trans-Canada Air Lines was destroyed by fire after it was struck by Lockheed L-749 Super Constellation N6503C of Seaboard & Western Airlines which had crashed on take-off from Idlewild Airport, New York.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Accident description )〕 * On 12 November 1958, ZK-BRD of National Airways Corporation, New Zealand, belly landed by mistake when touching down at Whenuapai Airport. The pilot was flying in the righthand seat and inavertly pulled the undercarriage lever instead of the flaps lever on 'touchdown'. Moderate damage was done to the airframe, but repaired and put back into service.〔 NAC – The Illustrated History of the New Zealand National Airways Corporation 1947–1978, by Richard Waugh with Peter Layne & Graeme McConnell|pg106〕 * On 2 December 1958, G-ANRR of Hunting-Clan Air Transport crashed at Frimley, Surrey after losing its starboard wing in flight, killing all six crew on board.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Accident description )〕 * On an unknown date in 1958, VX217 of the Royal Air Force was damaged beyond economic repair by fire at RAF Seighford, Staffordshire.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Accident description )〕 * On 17 February 1959, TC-SEV of Turk Hava Yollari crashed at Jordan's Wood, Newdigate, Surrey, west of London Gatwick Airport. Fourteen of the 24 people on board were killed. Turkish Prime Minister Adnan Menderes was among the survivors.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Accident description )〕 * On 5 March 1959, YS-09C of TACA International Airlines crashed shortly after take-off from Managua Airport when both port engines failed. Fifteen of the 19 people on board were killed.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Accident description )〕 * On 25 April 1959, a Viscount of Cubana de Aviación was hijacked on a flight from Varadero to Havana. The aircraft was landed at Key West International Airport, Florida.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Accident description )〕 * On 12 May 1959, N7463 operating Capital Airlines Flight 75 broke up in mid-air after encountering thunderstorms. The aircraft crashed at Chase, Maryland killing all 31 people on board.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Accident description )〕 * On 18 May 1959, AP-AJC of Pakistan International Airlines was damaged beyond economic repair on landing at Islamabad International Airport.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Accident description )〕 * On 14 August 1959, AP-AJE of Pakistan International Airlines crashed at Karachi International Airport while attempting an overshoot with two engines inoperative on a training flight. Two of the three people on board were killed.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Accident description )〕 * On 2 October 1959, a Viscount of Cubana de Aviación was hijacked on a flight from Havana to Antonio Maceo Airport, Santiago. The aircraft landed at Miami International Airport.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Accident description )〕 * On 3 November 1959, CF-TGY of Trans-Canada Air Lines was written off when it landed short of the runway at Toronto-Malton Airport.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Accident description )〕 * On 21 December 1959, I-LIZT of Alitalia crashed short of the runway at Ciampino Airport, Rome on a training flight exercise in landing with two engines inoperative. Both people on board were killed.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Accident description )〕 * On 22 December 1959, a VASP Vickers Viscount 827 registration PP-SRG while on approach to land at Rio de Janeiro-Galeão was involved in a mid-air collision with the Brazilian Air Force Fokker S-11 (T-21) registration FAB0742 in the vicinity of Manguinhos Airport. All 32 people on board the Viscount were killed, as were a further ten on the ground. The T-21 pilot parachuted to safety. This accident eventually led to the closure of Manguinhos Airport〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=Accident description PP-SRG and FAB0742 )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「List of accidents and incidents involving the Vickers Viscount」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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